source: production/onslow_2006/report/damage.tex @ 3175

This section deals with impact modelling which covers damage
modelling and economic impact analysis.

Damage modelling refers to damage
to infrastructure as a result
of the inundation described in the previous sections. The infrastructure
refers to residential structures only and is sourced from the 
the National Building Exposure Database (NBED). The NBED has been
created by Geoscience Australia so that consistent risk assessments for a range
of natural hazards can be 
conducted\footnote{http://www.ga.gov.au/urban/projects/ramp/NBED.jsp}. 
It contains information
about residential buildings, people, infrastructure, 
structure value and building contents.
From this database, we find that there
are 325 residential structures and a population of approximately 770
in Onslow\footnote{Population is determined by census data and an ABS 
housing survey}. 

Impact on indigeneous communities are important considerations when determining
tsunami impact, especially as a number of communities exist in coastal regions.
These communities are typically not included in national residential databases 
and would be therefore overlooked in damage model estimates.
There is one indigeneous community located in this study area as seen
in Figure
\ref{fig:points}. The population of the Bindibindi community is 140 
and is situated below the 1.5m AHD contour as seen in Figure \ref{fig:points}
which indicates it is inundated prior to the tsunami wave arriving.
At 0m AHD, over 3m of water will inundate parts of the community (Figure 
\ref{fig:gaugeBindiBindiCommunity}) indicating 100\% damage of contents.

Once the maximum inundation is calculated for each building, the resultant 
damage 
can be determined as a function of its type and location from the 
coastline, \cite{ken:damage}. The damage to the residential
structures in the Onslow community
is summarised in Table \ref{table:damageoutput}. The percentage
of repair cost to structural value shown is based on the total structural value
of \$60,187,955. Likewise, the percentage of contents loss shown is
based on the total contents value of \$85,410,060 for
the Onslow region. The injuries sustained in each scenario is summarised
in Table \ref{table:injuries}. Around 21\%
of the population are affected in the 1.5m AHD scenario with around 10\%
affected in the 0m AHD scenario.


\begin{table}[h]
\label{table:damageoutput}
\caption{Residential damage sustained for 1.5m, 0m and -1.5m AHD 
scenarios.}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline
& Houses  & Houses  & Structural & Repair Cost \% & Contents & Contents Loss \% \\ 
& Inundation & Collapsed & Repair Cost 
& of Total Value & Losses & of Total Value \\ \hline
1.5m AHD & 90 & 14 & \$10,951,887 & 18.2 \% & \$24,020,309 & 28.12 \%\\ \hline
0m AHD & 54 & 1 & \$5,317,783 &  8.8 \% & \$11,592,602 & 13.6 \% \\ \hline
-1.5m AHD & 0 & 0 & 0& 0& 0&  0\\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[h]
\label{table:injuries}
\caption{Injuries sustained for 1.5m, 0m and -1.5m AHD scenarios.}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline
 & Minor & Moderate & Serious & Fatal \\ \hline
1.5m AHD & 59 & 17 & 8 & 83 \\ \hline
0m AHD & 43 & 11 & 6 & 20 \\ \hline
-1.5m AHD & 0 & 0 & 0 & \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

discussion on Mary's outputs