// Python - C extension for finite_volumes util module.
//
// To compile (Python2.3):
//  gcc -c util_ext.c -I/usr/include/python2.3 -o util_ext.o -Wall -O 
//  gcc -shared util_ext.o  -o util_ext.so	
//
// See the module util.py
//
//
// Ole Nielsen, GA 2004
	
#include "Python.h"	
#include "numpy/arrayobject.h"
#include "math.h"


double max(double x, double y) {  
  //Return maximum of two doubles
  
  if (x > y) return x;
  else return y;
}


double min(double x, double y) {  
  //Return minimum of two doubles
  
  if (x < y) return x;
  else return y;
}


int _gradient(double x0, double y0, 
	      double x1, double y1, 
	      double x2, double y2, 
	      double q0, double q1, double q2, 
	      double *a, double *b) {
	      
  /*Compute gradient (a,b) based on three points (x0,y0), (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) 
  with values q0, q1 and q2.
  
  Extrapolation formula (q0 is selected as an arbitrary origin)
    q(x,y) = q0 + a*(x-x0) + b*(y-y0)                    (1)
  
  Substituting the known values for q1 and q2 into (1) yield the 
  equations for a and b 
  
      q1-q0 = a*(x1-x0) + b*(y1-y0)                      (2)
      q2-q0 = a*(x2-x0) + b*(y2-y0)                      (3)      
      
  or in matrix form
  
  /               \  /   \   /       \  
  |  x1-x0  y1-y0 |  | a |   | q1-q0 |
  |               |  |   | = |       | 
  |  x2-x0  y2-y0 |  | b |   | q2-q0 |
  \               /  \   /   \       /
   
  which is solved using the standard determinant technique    
      
  */
	      

  double det;
  
  det = (y2-y0)*(x1-x0) - (y1-y0)*(x2-x0);

  *a = (y2-y0)*(q1-q0) - (y1-y0)*(q2-q0);
  *a /= det;

  *b = (x1-x0)*(q2-q0) - (x2-x0)*(q1-q0);
  *b /= det;

  return 0;
}


int _gradient2(double x0, double y0, 
	       double x1, double y1, 
	       double q0, double q1, 
	       double *a, double *b) {
  /*Compute gradient (a,b) between two points (x0,y0) and (x1,y1) 
  with values q0 and q1 such that the plane is constant in the direction 
  orthogonal to (x1-x0, y1-y0).
  
  Extrapolation formula
    q(x,y) = q0 + a*(x-x0) + b*(y-y0)                    (1)
  
  Substituting the known values for q1 into (1) yields an 
  under determined  equation for a and b 
      q1-q0 = a*(x1-x0) + b*(y1-y0)                      (2)
      
      
  Now add the additional requirement that the gradient in the direction 
  orthogonal to (x1-x0, y1-y0) should be zero. The orthogonal direction 
  is given by the vector (y0-y1, x1-x0).
  
  Define the point (x2, y2) = (x0 + y0-y1, y0 + x1-x0) on the orthognal line. 
  Then we know that the corresponding value q2 should be equal to q0 in order 
  to obtain the zero gradient, hence applying (1) again    
      q0 = q2 = q(x2, y2) = q0 + a*(x2-x0) + b*(y2-y0)
                          = q0 + a*(x0 + y0-y1-x0) + b*(y0 + x1-x0 - y0)
			  = q0 + a*(y0-y1) + b*(x1-x0)
			  
  leads to the orthogonality constraint
     a*(y0-y1) + b*(x1-x0) = 0                           (3) 
     
  which closes the system and yields
  
  /               \  /   \   /       \  
  |  x1-x0  y1-y0 |  | a |   | q1-q0 |
  |               |  |   | = |       | 
  |  y0-y1  x1-x0 |  | b |   |   0   |
  \               /  \   /   \       /
   
  which is solved using the standard determinant technique    
      
  */

  double det, xx, yy, qq;
  
  xx = x1-x0;
  yy = y1-y0;
  qq = q1-q0;
    
  det = xx*xx + yy*yy;  //FIXME  catch det == 0
  *a = xx*qq/det;
  *b = yy*qq/det;
        
  return 0;
}


void _limit_old(int N, double beta, double* qc, double* qv, 
	    double* qmin, double* qmax) { 

  //N are the number of elements
  int k, i, k3;
  double dq, dqa[3], phi, r;
  
  //printf("INSIDE\n");
  for (k=0; k<N; k++) {
    k3 = k*3;
    
    //Find the gradient limiter (phi) across vertices  
    phi = 1.0;
    for (i=0; i<3; i++) {    
      r = 1.0;
      
      dq = qv[k3+i] - qc[k];    //Delta between vertex and centroid values
      dqa[i] = dq;              //Save dq for use in the next loop
      
      if (dq > 0.0) r = (qmax[k] - qc[k])/dq;
      if (dq < 0.0) r = (qmin[k] - qc[k])/dq;      
  
  
      phi = min( min(r*beta, 1.0), phi);    
    }
    
    //Then update using phi limiter
    for (i=0; i<3; i++) {    
      qv[k3+i] = qc[k] + phi*dqa[i];
    }
  }
}


void  print_double_array(char* name, double* array, int n, int m){

    int k,i,km;

    printf("%s = [",name);
    for (k=0; k<n; k++){
	km = m*k;
	printf("[");
	for (i=0; i<m ; i++){
	    printf("%g ",array[km+i]);
	}
	if (k==(n-1))
	    printf("]");
	else
	    printf("]\n");
    }
    printf("]\n");
}

void  print_int_array(char* name, int* array, int n, int m){

    int k,i,km;

    printf("%s = [",name);
    for (k=0; k<n; k++){
	km = m*k;
	printf("[");
	for (i=0; i<m ; i++){
	    printf("%i ",array[km+i]);
	}
	if (k==(n-1))
	    printf("]");
	else
	    printf("]\n");
    }
    printf("]\n");
}


void  print_long_array(char* name, long* array, int n, int m){

    int k,i,km;

    printf("%s = [",name);
    for (k=0; k<n; k++){
	km = m*k;
	printf("[");
	for (i=0; i<m ; i++){
	  printf("%i ",(int) array[km+i]);
	}
	if (k==(n-1))
	    printf("]");
	else
	    printf("]\n");
    }
    printf("]\n");
}

void print_numeric_array(PyArrayObject *x) {  
  int i, j;
  for (i=0; i<x->dimensions[0]; i++) {  
    for (j=0; j<x->dimensions[1]; j++) {
      printf("%f ", *(double*) (x->data + i*x->strides[0] + j*x->strides[1]));
    }
    printf("\n");  
  }
  printf("\n");    
}

void print_numeric_vector(PyArrayObject *x) {  
  int i;
  for (i=0; i<x->dimensions[0]; i++) {
    printf("%f ", *(double*) (x->data + i*x->strides[0]));  
  }
  printf("\n");  
}

PyArrayObject *get_consecutive_array(PyObject *O, char *name) {
  PyArrayObject *A, *B;
  

  //Get array object from attribute
  
  /*
  //FIXME: THE TEST DOESN't WORK
  printf("Err = %d\n", PyObject_HasAttrString(O, name));
  if (PyObject_HasAttrString(O, name) == 1) {
    B = (PyArrayObject*) PyObject_GetAttrString(O, name);
    if (!B) return NULL;
  } else {
    return NULL;
    } 
  */
    
  B = (PyArrayObject*) PyObject_GetAttrString(O, name);

  //printf("B = %p\n",(void*)B);
  if (!B) {
    printf("util_ext.h: get_consecutive_array could not obtain python object");
    printf(" %s\n",name);
    fflush(stdout);
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "util_ext.h: get_consecutive_array could not obtain python object");
    return NULL;
  }     
  
  //Convert to consecutive array
  A = (PyArrayObject*) PyArray_ContiguousFromObject((PyObject*) B, 
						    B -> descr -> type, 0, 0);
  
  Py_DECREF(B); //FIXME: Is this really needed??
  
  if (!A) {
    printf("util_ext.h: get_consecutive_array could not obtain array object");
    printf(" %s \n",name);
    fflush(stdout);
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "util_ext.h: get_consecutive_array could not obtain array");
    return NULL;
  }


  return A;
}

double get_python_double(PyObject *O, char *name) {
  PyObject *TObject;
  #define BUFFER_SIZE 80
  char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
  double tmp;
  int n;
  

  //Get double from attribute
  TObject = PyObject_GetAttrString(O, name);
  if (!TObject) {
	n =  snprintf(buf, BUFFER_SIZE, "util_ext.h: get_python_double could not obtain double %s.\n", name);
	//printf("name = %s",name);
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, buf);

    return 0.0;
  }  
  
  tmp = PyFloat_AsDouble(TObject);
  
  Py_DECREF(TObject);
  
  return tmp;
}




int get_python_integer(PyObject *O, char *name) {
  PyObject *TObject;
  #define BUFFER_SIZE 80
  char buf[BUFFER_SIZE];
  long tmp;
  int n;
  

  //Get double from attribute
  TObject = PyObject_GetAttrString(O, name);
  if (!TObject) {
  	n =  snprintf(buf, BUFFER_SIZE, "util_ext.h: get_python_integer could not obtain double %s.\n", name);
	//printf("name = %s",name);
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, buf);
    return 0;
  }  
  
  tmp = PyInt_AsLong(TObject);
  
  Py_DECREF(TObject);
  
  return tmp;
}


PyObject *get_python_object(PyObject *O, char *name) {
  PyObject *Oout;

  Oout = PyObject_GetAttrString(O, name);
  if (!Oout) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "util_ext.h: get_python_object could not obtain object");
    return NULL;
  }

  return Oout;

}


// check that numpy array objects are C contiguous memory
#define CHECK_C_CONTIG(varname)	if (!PyArray_ISCONTIGUOUS(varname)) { \
				    char msg[1024]; \
				    sprintf(msg, \
					    "%s(): file %s, line %d: " \
				            "'%s' object is not C contiguous memory", \
				             __func__, __FILE__, __LINE__, #varname); \
				    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, msg); \
				    return NULL; \
				}