Changeset 7467
- Timestamp:
- Sep 2, 2009, 5:03:04 PM (14 years ago)
- Location:
- anuga_work/publications/boxing_day_validation_2008
- Files:
-
- 4 edited
Legend:
- Unmodified
- Added
- Removed
-
anuga_work/publications/boxing_day_validation_2008/appendix.tex
r7465 r7467 37 37 \end{figure} 38 38 39 %\begin{figure}[ht] 40 %\begin{center} 41 %\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_f0_0003_speed} 42 %\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_f0_03_speed} 43 %\caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations 44 % found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_friction}. The 45 % reference flow speeds are shown in Figure \protect 46 % \ref{fig:reference_model} (right).} 47 %\label{fig:sensitivity_friction_speed} 48 %\end{center} 49 %\end{figure} 50 % John: I do not think we need to show sensitivity to flow speeds 39 \begin{figure}[ht] 40 \begin{center} 41 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_friction_speed} 42 \caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations 43 found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_friction}.} 44 \label{fig:sensitivity_friction_speed} 45 \end{center} 46 \end{figure} 51 47 52 48 53 49 \begin{figure}[ht] 54 50 \begin{center} 55 %\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio=true]{sensitivity_minus10cm_depth}56 %\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio=true]{sensitivity_plus10cm_depth}57 51 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_boundary_wave} 58 52 \caption{Model results with wave height at \textsc{anuga} boundary artificially 59 53 modified to assess sensitivities. 60 54 The reference inundation extent is shown in Figure 61 \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (left). 55 \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (left). The left and right images 62 56 show the inundation results if the wave at the \textsc{anuga} boundary 63 57 is reduced or increased by 10 cm respectively. The inundation … … 68 62 \end{center} 69 63 \end{figure} 70 FIXME (Jane): How and why was the +/- 10 cm chosen?71 64 72 65 73 %\begin{figure}[ht] 74 %\begin{center} 75 %\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_minus10cm_speed} 76 %\includegraphics[width=6cm,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_plus10cm_speed} 77 %\caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations 78 % found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_boundary}. The 79 % reference flow speeds are shown in Figure \protect 80 % \ref{fig:reference_model} (right).} 81 %\label{fig:sensitivity_boundary_speed} 82 %\end{center} 83 %\end{figure} 66 \begin{figure}[ht] 67 \begin{center} 68 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_boundary_wave_speed} 69 \caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations 70 found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_boundary}.} 71 \label{fig:sensitivity_boundary_speed} 72 \end{center} 73 \end{figure} 74 84 75 85 76 \begin{figure}[ht] … … 95 86 buildings will increase the inundation extent beyond what was 96 87 surveyed.} 97 98 % FIXME (Ole): Include speed picture elsewhere 99 %The right hand image shows the corresponding flow speeds in the absence of buildings. 100 %The reference results are as shown in Figure 101 %\protect \ref{fig:reference_model}.} 102 \label{fig:sensitivity_nobuildings} 88 \label{fig:sensitivity_buildings} 103 89 \end{center} 104 90 \end{figure} 105 91 92 93 \begin{figure}[ht] 94 \begin{center} 95 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_buildings_speed} 96 \caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations 97 found in Figure~\protect~\ref{fig:sensitivity_buildings}. 98 As expected the presence of buildings reduce the flow speeds behind them, 99 but tends to increase speeds in passages between buildings.} 100 \label{fig:sensitivity_buildings_speed} 101 \end{center} 102 \end{figure} -
anuga_work/publications/boxing_day_validation_2008/data.tex
r7463 r7467 82 82 DBDB2, obtained from US Naval Research Labs 83 83 (\url{http://www7320.nrlssc.navy.mil/DBDB2_WWW}); 84 \item a 3 second arc grid covering the whole of the Andaman Sea based 85 on Thai Navy charts no. 45 and no. 362; and 86 (FIXME (OLE): wait for DB's reply) 84 \item a 3 second arc grid obtained directly from NOAA covering the 85 whole of the Andaman Sea based on the 86 Smith & Sandwell 2-minute 87 dataset (\url{http://topex.ucsd.edu/WWW_html/srtm30_plus.html})as well as 88 Thai Navy charts no. 45 and no. 362; and 87 89 \item a one second grid created from the digitised Thai Navy 88 90 bathymetry chart, no. 358, which covers Patong Bay and the … … 203 205 \begin{figure}[ht] 204 206 \begin{center} 205 %\includegraphics[width=8.0cm,keepaspectratio=true]{patongescapemap.jpg}206 207 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/post_tsunami_survey.jpg} 207 208 \caption{Tsunami survey mapping the maximum observed inundation at … … 221 222 the first wave between 9:55 am and 10:05 am local time or about 2 hours 222 223 after the source rupture. 223 FIXME (Ole): We should add observed arrival time and later relate that to224 the modelled dynamics. Wait for Drew's updated animation.225 224 226 225 -
anuga_work/publications/boxing_day_validation_2008/results.tex
r7465 r7467 186 186 reasonable. 187 187 188 \subsection{Inundation} 188 \subsection{Inundation}\label{sec:inundation results} 189 189 The \textsc{anuga} simulation described in the previous section and used to 190 190 model shallow water propgation also predicts … … 230 230 \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/threshold.jpg} 231 231 \caption{Simulated inundation versus observed inundation using an 232 inundation threshold of 1 cm (left) and 10cm (right).}232 inundation threshold of 1 cm (left) and 10 cm (right).} 233 233 \label{fig:inundationcomparison1cm} 234 234 \end{center} … … 265 265 266 266 \subsection{Eye-witness accounts} 267 268 \subsubsection{Arrival time} 269 The arrival time of the first wave took place between 9:55 and 10:55 as described in 270 Section~\ref{sec:eyewitness data}. The modelled arrival time at the beach is 10:01 271 as can be verified from the animation provided in \label{sec:inundation results}. 272 Subsequent waves of variable magnitude appear over the next two hours 273 approximately 20-30 minutes apart. 274 % 10:01, 10:19, 10:46, 11:13, 11:43 275 The first arrival and overall dynamic behaviour is therefor reasonably consistent with the 276 eye-witness accounts. 277 278 \subsubsection{Observed wave dynamics} 267 279 Figure \ref{fig:gauge_locations} shows four locations where time 268 280 series have been extracted from the model. The two offshore time series … … 320 332 \label{tab:depth and flow comparisons} 321 333 \end{table} 322 FIXME (Jane): We should perhaps look at average data in area surrounding these points323 334 324 335 %can be estimated with landmarks found in -
anuga_work/publications/boxing_day_validation_2008/sensitivity.tex
r7451 r7467 44 44 %========================Wave-Height==========================% 45 45 \subsection{Input Wave Height}\label{sec:waveheightSA} 46 The effect of the wave height used as input to the inundation model 47 \textsc{anuga} was also investigated. 46 Wave heights in the open ocean are 47 generally well predicted by the generation and propagation models such as 48 \textsc{ursga} as demonstrated in Section \ref{sec:resultsPropagation} 49 and also in \cite{thomas2009}. Nevertheless, the effect of errors in 50 the wave height used as input to the inundation model \textsc{anuga} 51 was investigated by perturbing the 52 amplitude of the input wave by $\pm$10 cm. This value was chosen to be larger 53 than the expected error in the amplitude predicted by the propagation model. 54 48 55 Figure~\ref{fig:sensitivity_boundary} and Table~\ref{table:inundationAreas} 49 indicate that the inundation 50 severity is directly proportional to theboundary waveheight but small56 indicate that the inundation severity is directly proportional to the 57 boundary waveheight but small 51 58 perturbations in the input wave height of 10 cm appear to have little 52 59 effect on the final inundated area. Obviously larger perturbations 53 will have greater impact. However, wave heights in the open ocean are 54 generally well 55 predicted by the generation and propagation models such as 56 \textsc{ursga} as demonstrated in Section \ref{sec:resultsPropagation} 57 and also in \cite{thomas2009}. 60 would have greater impact. 61 58 62 59 63 … … 63 67 The presence or absence of physical buildings in the elevation model was also 64 68 investigated. 65 Figure~\ref{fig:sensitivity_ nobuildings} shows the inundated area66 %and the associated maximum flow speeds 67 in the presence and absence of buildings.From69 Figure~\ref{fig:sensitivity_buildings} shows the inundated area 70 in the presence and absence of buildings. 71 From 68 72 Table~\ref{table:inundationAreas} it is apparent that densely built-up 69 73 areas act as dissipators greatly reducing the inundated area. 70 This result suggest that, when possible the presence of human-made structures 71 should be included into the model topography. Furthermore this result also 72 indicates that simply matching point sites with much lower resolution meshes 74 Figure~\ref{fig:sensitivity_buildings_speed} show the associated flow speeds in the presence and absence of buildings. It is evident that flow speeds 75 tend to increase in passages between buildings but slow down in areas behind them as compared to the bare earth scenario. 76 These results suggest that, when possible, the presence of 77 human-made structures should be included into the model topography. 78 Furthermore, these results also 79 indicate that simply matching point sites with much lower resolution meshes 73 80 than used here is an over simplification. Such simulations cannot capture the 74 fine detail that so clearly affects inundation .75 %However, flow speeds tend to increase in passages between buildings. 76 81 fine detail that so clearly affects inundation depth and flow speeds. 82 83 77 84 78 85 \begin{table}
Note: See TracChangeset
for help on using the changeset viewer.