\section{Appendix}

This appendix present the images used to assess the model 
sensitivities described in 
Section~\ref{sec:sensitivity}.

\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/reference}
\end{center}

\caption{Results from reference model as reported in Section 
\protect \ref{sec:results}, 
  i.e.\ including buildings and a friction value of 0.01. 
  The seaward boundary condition is as
  provided by the \textsc{ursga} model. The left image shows the maximum
  modelled depth while the right hand image shows the maximum modelled
  flow speeds.}
\label{fig:reference_model}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_friction}
\end{center}

\caption{Model results for different values of Manning's friction
  coefficient shown to assess sensitivities. 
  The reference inundation extent for a 
  friction value of 0.01 is shown in Figure
  \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (left).  The left and right images 
  show the inundation results for friction values of 0.0003 and
  0.03 respectively. The inundation extent increases for the lower
  friction value while the higher slows the flow and decreases the
  inundation extent. Ideally, friction should vary across the entire
  domain depending on terrain and vegetation. This, however, is beyond the
  scope of this study.}
\label{fig:sensitivity_friction}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_friction_speed}
\end{center}

\caption{The maximal modelled flow speeds for the same model parameterisations
  found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_friction}.
  The reference flow speeds for a 
  friction value of 0.01 are shown in Figure
  \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (right).}
\label{fig:sensitivity_friction_speed}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_boundary_wave}
\end{center}

\caption{Model results with wave height at \textsc{anuga} boundary artificially
  modified to assess sensitivities. 
  The reference inundation extent is shown in Figure
  \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (left). The left and right images 
  show the inundation results if the wave at the \textsc{anuga} boundary
  is increased or reduced by 10 cm respectively. The inundation
  severity varies in proportion to the boundary waveheight, but the
  model results are only slightly sensitive to this parameter for the
  range of values tested.}
\label{fig:sensitivity_boundary}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_boundary_wave_speed}
\end{center}

\caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations
  found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_boundary}.
  The reference flow speeds are shown in Figure
  \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (right).}
\label{fig:sensitivity_boundary_speed}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_buildings}
\end{center}
\caption{Model results show the effect of buildings in
  the elevation data set. 
  The left hand image shows the inundation extent as modelled in the reference
  model (Figure \protect \ref{fig:reference_model}, left) which includes 
  buildings in the elevation data. The right hand image
  shows the result for a bare-earth model i.e. entirely without buildings.  
  As expected, the absence of
  buildings will increase the inundation extent beyond what was
  surveyed.}
\label{fig:sensitivity_buildings}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_buildings_speed}
\end{center}
\caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations
  found in Figure~\protect~\ref{fig:sensitivity_buildings}.
  As expected the presence of buildings reduce the flow speeds behind them, 
  but tends to increase speeds in passages between buildings.}
\label{fig:sensitivity_buildings_speed}
\end{figure}
