[7450] | 1 | \section{Appendix} |
---|
| 2 | |
---|
| 3 | This appendix present the images used to assess the model |
---|
| 4 | sensitivities described in |
---|
| 5 | Section~\ref{sec:sensitivity}. |
---|
| 6 | |
---|
| 7 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 8 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 9 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/reference} |
---|
| 10 | \caption{Results from reference model as reported in Section |
---|
| 11 | \protect \ref{sec:results}, |
---|
| 12 | i.e.\ including buildings and a friction value of 0.01. |
---|
| 13 | The seaward boundary condition is as |
---|
| 14 | provided by the \textsc{ursga} model. The left image shows the maximum |
---|
| 15 | modelled depth while the right hand image shows the maximum modelled |
---|
| 16 | flow velocities.} |
---|
| 17 | \label{fig:reference_model} |
---|
| 18 | \end{center} |
---|
| 19 | \end{figure} |
---|
| 20 | |
---|
[7451] | 21 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 22 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 23 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_friction} |
---|
| 24 | \caption{Model results for different values of Manning's friction |
---|
| 25 | coefficient shown to assess sensitivities. |
---|
| 26 | The reference inundation extent for a |
---|
| 27 | friction value of 0.01 is shown in Figure |
---|
| 28 | \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (left). The left and right images |
---|
| 29 | show the inundation results for friction values of 0.0003 and |
---|
| 30 | 0.03 respectively. The inundation extent increases for the lower |
---|
| 31 | friction value while the higher slows the flow and decreases the |
---|
| 32 | inundation extent. Ideally, friction should vary across the entire |
---|
| 33 | domain depending on terrain and vegetation, but this is beyond the |
---|
| 34 | scope of this study.} |
---|
| 35 | \label{fig:sensitivity_friction} |
---|
| 36 | \end{center} |
---|
| 37 | \end{figure} |
---|
[7450] | 38 | |
---|
[7467] | 39 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 40 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 41 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_friction_speed} |
---|
| 42 | \caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations |
---|
| 43 | found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_friction}.} |
---|
| 44 | \label{fig:sensitivity_friction_speed} |
---|
| 45 | \end{center} |
---|
| 46 | \end{figure} |
---|
[7450] | 47 | |
---|
[7451] | 48 | |
---|
[7450] | 49 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 50 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 51 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_boundary_wave} |
---|
| 52 | \caption{Model results with wave height at \textsc{anuga} boundary artificially |
---|
| 53 | modified to assess sensitivities. |
---|
| 54 | The reference inundation extent is shown in Figure |
---|
[7467] | 55 | \protect \ref{fig:reference_model} (left). The left and right images |
---|
[7450] | 56 | show the inundation results if the wave at the \textsc{anuga} boundary |
---|
| 57 | is reduced or increased by 10 cm respectively. The inundation |
---|
| 58 | severity varies in proportion to the boundary waveheight, but the |
---|
| 59 | model results are only slightly sensitive to this parameter for the |
---|
| 60 | range of values tested.} |
---|
| 61 | \label{fig:sensitivity_boundary} |
---|
| 62 | \end{center} |
---|
| 63 | \end{figure} |
---|
| 64 | |
---|
| 65 | |
---|
[7467] | 66 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 67 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 68 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_boundary_wave_speed} |
---|
| 69 | \caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations |
---|
| 70 | found in Figure \protect \ref{fig:sensitivity_boundary}.} |
---|
| 71 | \label{fig:sensitivity_boundary_speed} |
---|
| 72 | \end{center} |
---|
| 73 | \end{figure} |
---|
[7450] | 74 | |
---|
[7467] | 75 | |
---|
[7450] | 76 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 77 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 78 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_buildings} |
---|
| 79 | \caption{Model results show the effect of buildings in |
---|
| 80 | the elevation data set. |
---|
| 81 | The left hand image shows the inundation extent as modelled in the reference |
---|
| 82 | model (Figure \protect \ref{fig:reference_model}) which includes |
---|
| 83 | buildings in the elevation data. The right hand image |
---|
| 84 | shows the result for a bare-earth model i.e. entirely without buildings. |
---|
| 85 | As expected, the absence of |
---|
| 86 | buildings will increase the inundation extent beyond what was |
---|
| 87 | surveyed.} |
---|
[7467] | 88 | \label{fig:sensitivity_buildings} |
---|
[7450] | 89 | \end{center} |
---|
| 90 | \end{figure} |
---|
| 91 | |
---|
[7467] | 92 | |
---|
| 93 | \begin{figure}[ht] |
---|
| 94 | \begin{center} |
---|
| 95 | \includegraphics[width=\textwidth,keepaspectratio=true]{figures/sensitivity_buildings_speed} |
---|
| 96 | \caption{The maximal flow speeds for the same model parameterisations |
---|
| 97 | found in Figure~\protect~\ref{fig:sensitivity_buildings}. |
---|
| 98 | As expected the presence of buildings reduce the flow speeds behind them, |
---|
| 99 | but tends to increase speeds in passages between buildings.} |
---|
| 100 | \label{fig:sensitivity_buildings_speed} |
---|
| 101 | \end{center} |
---|
| 102 | \end{figure} |
---|