Changeset 3240


Ignore:
Timestamp:
Jun 26, 2006, 10:15:11 PM (18 years ago)
Author:
sexton
Message:

textual updates

Location:
production/onslow_2006/report
Files:
9 edited

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  • production/onslow_2006/report/computational_setup.tex

    r3235 r3240  
    1414
    1515{\bf Need some words here about why pick 100m.}
    16 
     16Preliminary investigations indicate that MOST and ANUGA compare
     17well at the 100m contour line.
    1718
    1819\begin{figure}[hbt]
     
    7576              {../report_figures/mesh.jpg}}
    7677
    77   \caption{Computational mesh for Onslow study area.}
     78  \caption{Computational mesh for Onslow study area where the
     79cell areas increase in resolution; 500 m$^2$, 2500 m$^2$, 20000
     80m$^2$ and 100000 m$^2$.}
    7881  \label{fig:mesh_onslow}
    7982\end{figure}
     
    8487as described in Section \ref{sec:methodology}.
    8588MOST was used to initiate the event and propagate the wave in deep water.
    86 ANUGA uses MOST's output in form of the waves amplitude and velocity at
     89ANUGA uses the MOST wave amplitude and velocity at
    8790the boundary (the 100m contour line as shown in Figure \ref{fig:onslow_area})
    8891and continues to propagate the wave in shallow water and onshore.
     
    9194Figure \ref{fig:MOSTsolution} as a surface showing the wave's
    9295amplitude as a function of its spatial location and time.
    93 
     96This figure shows how the wave has been affected by the bathymetry in
     97arriving at these locations as the amplitude is variable. It is also
     98important to note that the tsunami is made up of a series of
     99waves with different amplitudes.
    94100
    95101\begin{figure}[hbt]
  • production/onslow_2006/report/damage.tex

    r3237 r3240  
    44In this report, impact modelling refers to damage as a result
    55of the inundation described in Section \ref{sec:results}. This damage
    6 is reported as to damage to infrastructure as well as
    7 number of human injuries. The infrastructure
     6is reported as damage to infrastructure as well as
     7number of human injuries and is determined assuming
     8that the event occurs at night. The infrastructure
    89refers to residential structures only and is sourced from the
    910the National Building Exposure Database (NBED). The NBED has been
     
    2223To develop building damage and casuality estimates, we briefly describe
    2324residential collapse probability models and casualty models and their
    24 application to inundation modelling.
    25 With limited data found in the international literature,
    26 along with reported observations made of building performance during the
     25application to inundation modelling. There is limited data found in
     26the international literature to support to the development of
     27vulnerability models. However,
     28with reported observations made of building performance during the
    2729recent Indian Ocean tsunami, vulnerability models have been proposed for
    2830framed residential construction. The models predict the collapse
     
    5052sleeping height (1.0 m) and the limited warning noise for people
    5153in the first three city blocks (six house rows) that could potentially
    52 awaken them. The three injury categories corresponded with the
     54awaken them. The three injury categories correspond with the
    5355categories presented in HAZUS-MH \cite{NIBS:2003} for earthquake
    5456related injury. The casualty model used is presented in Table
    5557\ref{table:casualty}
    5658and the injury categories are presented in Table \ref{table:injury}.
    57 Input data comprised resident population data at CD level derived
    58 from the ABS 2001 census.
     59Input data comprised of resident population data at census
     60district level derived from the ABS 2001 census.
    5961
    6062The damage to the residential structures in the Onslow community
     
    7375\begin{table}[h]
    7476\label{table:damageoutput}
    75 %\caption{Residential damage sustained for 1.5m, 0m and -1.5m AHD scenarios.}
    7677\caption{Residential damage sustained for the 0m AHD scenario.}
    7778\begin{center}
    78 \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline
    79 & Houses  & Houses  & Structural & Repair Cost \% & Contents & Contents Loss \% \\
    80 & Inundation & Collapsed & Repair Cost
     79\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline
     80Houses  & Houses  & Structural & Repair Cost \% & Contents & Contents Loss \% \\
     81Inundation & Collapsed & Repair Cost
    8182& of Total Value & Losses & of Total Value \\ \hline
    82 %1.5m AHD & 90 & 14 & \$10,951,887 & 18.2 \% & \$24,020,309 & 28.12 \%\\ \hline
    83 0m AHD & 54 & 1 & \$5,317,783 &  8.8 \% & \$11,592,602 & 13.6 \% \\ \hline
    84 %-1.5m AHD & 0 & 0 & 0& 0& 0&  0\\ \hline
     8354 & 1 & \$5,317,783 &  8.8 \% & \$11,592,602 & 13.6 \% \\ \hline
    8584\end{tabular}
    8685\end{center}
     
    8988\begin{table}[h]
    9089\label{table:injuries}
    91 %\caption{Injuries sustained for 1.5m, 0m and -1.5m AHD scenarios.}
    9290\caption{Injuries sustained for the 0m AHD scenario.}
    9391\begin{center}
    9492\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline
    95  & Minor & Moderate & Serious & Fatal \\ \hline
    96 %1.5m AHD & 59 & 17 & 8 & 83 \\ \hline
    97 0m AHD & 43 & 11 & 6 & 20 \\ \hline
    98 %-1.5m AHD & 0 & 0 & 0 & \\ \hline
     93Minor & Moderate & Serious & Fatal \\ \hline
     9443 & 11 & 6 & 20 \\ \hline
    9995\end{tabular}
    10096\end{center}
    10197\end{table}
    102 
    10398
    10499Impact on indigeneous communities are important considerations when determining
     
    109104in Figure
    110105\ref{fig:points}. The population of the Bindibindi community is 140
     106(18 \% of the Onslow population)
    111107and is situated close to the coast as seen in Figure \ref{fig:points}.
    112108At 0m AHD, over 2m of water will inundate parts of the community (Figure
  • production/onslow_2006/report/discussion.tex

    r3235 r3240  
    1010recommending this be extended to three years to capture
    1111changes to the mean sea level. Onslow is listed as
    12 a Standard Port. These predictions are ultimately rounded on a single
    13 decimal place.
     12a Standard Port.
    1413
    1514Figure \ref{fig:contours} shows the contour lines for
    16 the HAT, MSL and LAT for Onslow.
     15HAT, MSL and LAT for Onslow.
    1716It is evident from this figure that the extent of the tidal
    1817inundation is exaggerated which is due to
  • production/onslow_2006/report/interpretation.tex

    r3237 r3240  
    1 
    21The main features of the
    32tsunami wave and resultant impact ashore is described in this section.
     
    65in an emergency situation, such as the hospital and power station, or
    76effect recovery efforts, such as the airport and docks. These locations
    8 are described in table \ref{table:locations} and shown in
     7are described in Table \ref{table:locations} and shown in
    98Figure \ref{fig:points}. The water's stage and speed are shown
    109as a function of time in the series of graphs shown in
    1110Section \ref{sec:timeseries}. Stage is defined as the absolute
    1211water level relative to AHD. Both stage and spped are shown
    13 on consistent scales to compare between point locations.
     12on consistent scales to allow comparison between point locations.
    1413%The graphs show these time series for
    1514%the three cases; 1.5m AHD, 0m AHD and -1.5m AHD so that comparisons can
     
    2423\begin{center}
    2524\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}\hline
    26 Velocity (m/s) & Example \\ \hline
     25{\bf Velocity (m/s)} & {\bf Example} \\ \hline
    27261 & leisurely stroll pace\\ \hline
    28271.5 & average walking pace \\ \hline
     
    3635\end{center}
    3736\end{table}
    38 
    3937
    4038Examining the offshore locations shown in Section \ref{sec:timeseries},
     
    6462Groyne location (Figure \ref{fig:20060515001733gaugeWestofGroyne})
    6563with speeds halved at the Beadon Bay west location.
    66 The Beadon Bay west speed is greater than the east of Beadon
     64The speed at west of Beadon Bay is greater than the east of Beadon
    6765Bay location (Figure \ref{fig:20060515001733gaugeBeadonBayeast}).
    6866There is similar differences in amplitude (from drawdown to maximum
  • production/onslow_2006/report/introduction.tex

    r3232 r3240  
    1414
    1515This report is the first in a series of studies which
    16 becomes a component of the suite of tsunami assessments for the North West
     16go towards building the suite of tsunami assessments for the North West
    1717Shelf.
    1818Subsequent reports will not only
     
    3232The report will outline the methods of modelling the tsunami from its
    3333source to its impact ashore and present the predicted consequences.
    34 Section \ref{sec:tsunamiscenario} provides
    35 the background to the scenario used for this study. Whilst
    36 the return period of this scenario is unknown, it
    37 can be be classed as a plausible event, see Section \ref{sec:tsunamiscenario}.
     34The scenario used for this study has an unknown
     35return period, however it
     36can be classed as a plausible event, see Section \ref{sec:tsunamiscenario}.
    3837Future studies
    3938will present a series of scenarios for a range of return periods to
  • production/onslow_2006/report/modelling_methodology.tex

    r3238 r3240  
    2323elevation data.
    2424Linear models typically use data resolutions of the order
    25 of hundreds of metres, which is sufficient to model long wavelength tsunami waves.
    26 Non-linear models by contrast require much finer resolution in order to capture
     25of hundreds of metres, which is sufficient to model the tsunami waves
     26in deeper water where the wavelength is longer.
     27Non-linear models however require much finer resolution in order to capture
    2728the complexity associated with the water flow from off to onshore. By contrast, the data
    2829resolution required is typically of the order of tens of metres.
    2930The model ANUGA \cite{ON:modsim} is suitable for this type of non-linear
    3031modelling.
    31 
    32 However, using a non-linear model capable of resolving local bathymetric effects
     32Using a non-linear model capable of resolving local bathymetric effects
    3333and runup using detailed elevation data will require much more computational
    3434resources than the typical hazard model making it infeasible to use it
  • production/onslow_2006/report/references.tex

    r3238 r3240  
    4040
    4141\bibitem{cooper:2005}
    42 Cooper, D. (2005) Personal Communication at NSW Tsunami Workshop 12th and
    43 13th April, Masonic Centre, Goulburn St, Sydney.
     42Cooper, D. (2005) Risk Research Group Personal Communication at NSW Tsunami
     43Workshop 12th and 13th April, Masonic Centre, Goulburn St, Sydney.
    4444
    4545\bibitem{NIBS:2003} National Institute of Building Sciences (2003)
  • production/onslow_2006/report/summary.tex

    r3238 r3240  
    1 
    2 This report has described the impact to Onslow from a Mw 9 earthquake
    3 generated from the Sunda Arc subduction zone occurring at
    4 Mean Sea Level.
    5 There is no knowledge of the return period for this event.
     1This report has described the impact to Onslow from a tsunami
     2generated by a Mw 9 earthquake on the Sunda Arc subduction zone
     3occurring at Mean Sea Level.
     4There is no knowledge of the return period for this event. The
     5modelling methodology, assumptions and data sources have also
     6been described.
    67As discussed in Section \ref{sec:issues}, there are issues
    78with the underlying data set which may have vertical inaccuracies
  • production/onslow_2006/report/tsunami_scenario.tex

    r3232 r3240  
    2323they are likely to pose a comparatively low and more localised hazard to WA.
    2424
    25 Figure \ref{fig:mw9} shows the maximum wave height at the 50m contour
    26 for a Mw 9 event off
     25Figure \ref{fig:mw9} shows the maximum wave height of a tsunami initiated
     26by a Mw 9 event off
    2727the coast of Java. It is this event which provides the source and
    2828boundary condition to the
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